Category: Statistics
Difference between Mean Squared Residuals (MSR) and Mean Square Error (MSE)
The difference between Mean Squared Residuals (MSR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) is on the denominator of the formula. Formula of Sum of Squared Residuals (SSR) In particular, both MSR and MSE start with the sum of squares of residuals...
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Logistic Regression: Definition and Example
1. What is Logistic Regression? Logistic regression is a model testing the relationship between Y (which is as a binary variable) and X (X can be more than one). logistic regression is also called logit regression. 2. Difference between logistic regression...
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What is Linear Regression Model? Definition and Example
1. Definition of Linear Regression Model Multiple linear regression is a linear model accessing the relationship between a dependent variable (DV, or Y) and multiple intendent variables (IV, or X). For instance, you might want to test how consumer purchase...
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How to Write Null and Alternative Hypothesis for Two-Way ANOVA
This tutorial shows how to write null and alternative hypothesis for two-way ANOVA. It is an extension of my other tutorial on this same topic. 1. Introduction A two-way ANOVA is used to test whether the means from the two or more...
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Calculate Sum of Squares Total (SST) in R (2 Examples)
This tutorial shows how to calculate Sum of Squares Total (SST) in R. The following is the data being used. The hypothetical data being used has two categorical IVs (cities and stores) and one DV (sales). Note that, while it...
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Why Type I ANOVA is Sequential Sum of Squares (R code example)
Type 1 ANOVA is also called sequential sum of squares, because it considers the order effect of entering factors into the model. If you change the order of the factors in the model, the results will be different. The following uses...
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Choice between Type I, Type II, and Type III ANOVA (with examples)
1. Type I ANOVA 1.1 Definition of Type I ANOVA SS(A) for factor A SS(B | A) for factor B SS(AB | A, B) for interaction AB SS(A) is SS attributable to A, even including those that could also have...
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How to Interpret Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 ANOVA
1. Introduction What are the meanings of different types of ANOVA? In other words, what are Type 1 (Type I), Type 2 (Type II), and Type 3 (Type III) ANOVA? The following uses the model of factors A and B,...
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Two sample t-test: Definition, formula, and Examples
Two sample t-test is also called independent sample t-test or unpaired sample t-test. This tutorial explains what two sample t-test is, its formula, and examples of two sample t-test. Motivation Example Imagine that a researcher is interested in determining whether...
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Python Correlation Real-World Examples
This tutorial shows how to apply correlation in real world. I will use the Peloton and covid example to illustrate this concept. In early 2021, a lot of consumers wanted to buy Peloton bikes but Peloton had difficulty meeting the...
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