Two-Way ANOVA in SPSS

This tutorial shows the steps of how you can do two-way ANOVA in SPSS. A two-way ANOVA is used to estimate how a quantitative variable (i.e., Y) changes according to the levels of two categorical variables (X1 and X2). This tutorial uses hypothetical data of brand (X1) and City (X2) and sales as Y. You can download … Read more

One-Way ANOVA in SPSS

This tutorial shows steps of how you can do One-Way ANOVA in SPSS. One-way ANOVA compares the means of two or more independent groups to determine whether the means are significantly different. We are going to test whether students of different programs (i.e., vocation, general, and academic) differ in writing scores. Thus, in this example, … Read more

One Sample t-test in SPSS

This tutorial shows how you can do one sample t-test in SPSS. One sample t-test is to compare a sample to a fixed value. For instance, you can compare whether the average score of students’ reading is different from 45. In the following, I am going to show how you can do that in SPSS. … Read more

Johnson Neyman in SPSS (4 steps)

This tutorial explains what the Johnson Neyman technique is, when you can use the Johnson Neyman technique, and how you can do Johnson Neyman in SPSS. What is the Johnson Neyman technique? The Johnson Neyman technique is used for interaction effects with continuous variables as independent variables. In nature, it is a technique to help … Read more

Interaction between Categorical and Continuous Variables in SPSS

This tutorial is to show how to do a linear regression for the interaction between categorical and continuous variables in SPSS. We are going to use the dataset called hsbdemo, and this dataset has been used in some other tutorials online (See UCLA website and another website). You can download the SPSS sav file here. … Read more

How to Do Correlation Analysis in SPSS (4 Steps)

This tutorial shows how you can do correlation analysis in SPSS. Correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables, X and Y. The typical situation of using correlation analysis is when both X and Y are continuous variables or scales in SPSS sense (either interval or ratio data ). However, it is … Read more

Two sample t-test: Definition, formula, and Examples

Two sample t-test is also called independent sample t-test or unpaired sample t-test. This tutorial explains what two sample t-test is, its formula, and examples of two sample t-test. Definition and Example Two sample t-test is used to test whether means from two different groups of people or objects are significantly different. The name of … Read more

Correlation: Definition, Formula, and Examples

What is Correlation? Correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables, X and Y. For instance, you can measure to what extent temperature (X) is related to the production of ice cream (Y). You probably would expect that higher temperatures correspond with higher production of ice cream. On the plot shown below, … Read more