This tutorial explains what the Johnson Neyman technique is, when you can use the Johnson Neyman technique, and how you can do Johnson Neyman in SPSS. What is the Johnson Neyman technique? The Johnson Neyman technique is used for interaction effects with continuous variables as independent variables. In nature, it is a technique to help … Read more
This tutorial introduces the basic idea of interaction effects in data analysis. This tutorial includes what an interaction effect is, examples of an interaction effect, and the statistical methods to do the analysis. What are interaction effects? (The definition) An interaction effect is when the effect of one variable (e.g., X) on another variable (e.g., Y) is … Read more
This tutorial is to show how to do a linear regression for the interaction between categorical and continuous variables in SPSS. We are going to use the dataset called hsbdemo, and this dataset has been used in some other tutorials online (See UCLA website and another website). You can download the SPSS sav file here. … Read more
This tutorial shows how you can select variables and save them as a new file in SPSS (i.e., subset data file). The easiest way is to use SPSS syntax to indicate which variables you want to select and where you want to save them as a new file. The following shows the key SPSS syntax. … Read more
This tutorial shows how you can plot interactions of categorical variables in SPSS. That is, the 2 independent variables (IVs) are categorical variables and the dependent variable is numerical. Since the IVs are categorical variables, we are going to use bar charts to plot the interaction effect. For this tutorial, you can download the dataset … Read more
This tutorial shows how you can create scatter plots in SPSS in 5 steps. In addition, it shows how to add a fit line in SPSS. Note that, the tutorial is based on SPSS 27; if you are using a different version of SPSS, the interfaces might look a bit different, but it should not … Read more
This tutorial shows how you can do correlation analysis in SPSS. Correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables, X and Y. The typical situation of using correlation analysis is when both X and Y are continuous variables or scales in SPSS sense (either interval or ratio data ). However, it is … Read more
This tutorial provides definitions and examples for the 3 SPSS measures, including nominal, ordinal, and scale. Definitions for Nominal, Ordinal, and Scale Nominal Data Variables at the nominal level are categorical and have no inherent order or numerical meaning. Examples include gender (e.g., male or female), ethnicity (e.g., Asian, African American, Caucasian), or marital status … Read more
The tutorial shows examples of how you can use built-in Probability Density Functions (PDF) in R, including PDF for normal distribution (dnorm), uniform distribution (dunif), and exponential distribution (dexp). Example 1: PDF for Normal Distribution Normal distribution PDF dnorm() in R returns the density of probability at 2. Note that it is standard normal distribution … Read more
This post discusses about the basic idea of probability density function, including definition and examples.